Malware types

8 families

Malware that encrypts or withholds access to data and demands payment, increasingly paired with data theft for double extortion.

6 families

Malware that steals financial credentials and manipulates online-banking sessions, often evolving into general-purpose loaders.

4 families

Malware that harvests credentials, cookies, crypto wallets and autofill data from an infected host, often sold as a service.

3 families

Self-replicating malware that spreads across networks and devices without user interaction, from classic internet worms to modern IoT botnets.

2 families

Malware that gives an attacker covert, interactive remote control of an infected machine — files, keystrokes, webcam and shell.

1 family

Surveillance malware that covertly monitors a target — messages, calls, location and microphone — often deployed against individuals.

1 family

Destructive malware that irreversibly destroys data or systems — sometimes disguised as ransomware to delay attribution.